英语高频词根+词缀(精简核心版)

内容分享6小时前发布
0 1 0

一、 高频词根(核心表意,记熟可推导大量单词)

act:做,行动(act, active, react)

aqua:水(aquarium, aquatic)

aud:听(audio, audience, audit)

bio:生命(biology, biography, biotic)

dict:说,言(dictate, dictionary, predict)

geo:地,地球(geography, geology, geometry)

graph:写,记录(photograph, autograph, graph)

ject:扔,投(reject, inject, project)

port:拿,运(transport, import, portable)

rupt:破(rupture, erupt, interrupt)

spec:看(inspect, respect, spectacle)

struct:建造(construct, structure, destroy)

tend:伸展,趋向(tendency, extend, intend)

vis:看(visible, visit, vision)

viv:活,生命(vivid, survive, revive)

二、 高频前缀(改变词义,多表方向/否定/数量)

1. 否定前缀(最常用)

• un-:表否定(unhappy, unable, unfair)

• in-(il-/im-/ir-):表否定(inactive;illegal;impossible;irregular)

• dis-:表否定/相反(dislike, disagree, disappear)

• non-:表否定(nonstop, non-smoker, nonfiction)

2. 方向/态度前缀

• pre-:前,预先(prepare, preview, prefix)

• post-:后(postpone, post-war, postcard)

• fore-:前,预先(forecast, foresee, foretell)

• re-:再,重复/向后(repeat, return, rewrite)

• anti-:反,对抗(antiwar, antivirus, anti-social)

• pro-:向前/支持(progress, promote, pro-student)

3. 数量前缀

• uni-:单一(universe, uniform, unique)

• bi-:二,双(bicycle, bilingual, bilateral)

• tri-:三(triangle, tricycle, triple)

• multi-:多(multiply, multiple, multimedia)

三、 高频后缀(改变词性,不轻易改词义)

1. 名词后缀

• -tion/-sion:(动词转名词)action, decision, discussion

• -ment:(动词转名词)development, agreement, movement

• -er/or:人/工具(teacher, writer, actor, calculator)

• -ness:(形容词转名词)happiness, kindness, darkness

• -ity:(形容词转名词)reality, ability, possibility

• -logy:学科(biology, psychology, sociology)

2. 动词后缀

• -ize/-ise:(形容词/名词转动词)realize, organize, modernize

• -ate:(名词/形容词转动词)activate, create, operate

• -en:(形容词转动词)widen, deepen, sharpen

3. 形容词后缀

• -ful:充满…的(helpful, careful, beautiful)

• -less:无…的(hopeless, useless, homeless)

• -ous/-ious:有…性质的(dangerous, curious, cautious)

• -able/-ible:可…的(comfortable, possible, acceptable)

• -y:表特征(sunny, happy, messy)

• -ive:有…倾向的(active, creative, effective)

4. 副词后缀

• -ly:(形容词转副词)quickly, slowly, happily

• -ward(s):朝…方向(forward, backward, upward)

© 版权声明

相关文章

1 条评论

  • 头像
    襟上花 读者

    Very good

    无记录
    回复