一、 高频词根(核心表意,记熟可推导大量单词)
• act:做,行动(act, active, react)
• aqua:水(aquarium, aquatic)
• aud:听(audio, audience, audit)
• bio:生命(biology, biography, biotic)
• dict:说,言(dictate, dictionary, predict)
• geo:地,地球(geography, geology, geometry)
• graph:写,记录(photograph, autograph, graph)
• ject:扔,投(reject, inject, project)
• port:拿,运(transport, import, portable)
• rupt:破(rupture, erupt, interrupt)
• spec:看(inspect, respect, spectacle)
• struct:建造(construct, structure, destroy)
• tend:伸展,趋向(tendency, extend, intend)
• vis:看(visible, visit, vision)
• viv:活,生命(vivid, survive, revive)
二、 高频前缀(改变词义,多表方向/否定/数量)
1. 否定前缀(最常用)
• un-:表否定(unhappy, unable, unfair)
• in-(il-/im-/ir-):表否定(inactive;illegal;impossible;irregular)
• dis-:表否定/相反(dislike, disagree, disappear)
• non-:表否定(nonstop, non-smoker, nonfiction)
2. 方向/态度前缀
• pre-:前,预先(prepare, preview, prefix)
• post-:后(postpone, post-war, postcard)
• fore-:前,预先(forecast, foresee, foretell)
• re-:再,重复/向后(repeat, return, rewrite)
• anti-:反,对抗(antiwar, antivirus, anti-social)
• pro-:向前/支持(progress, promote, pro-student)
3. 数量前缀
• uni-:单一(universe, uniform, unique)
• bi-:二,双(bicycle, bilingual, bilateral)
• tri-:三(triangle, tricycle, triple)
• multi-:多(multiply, multiple, multimedia)
三、 高频后缀(改变词性,不轻易改词义)
1. 名词后缀
• -tion/-sion:(动词转名词)action, decision, discussion
• -ment:(动词转名词)development, agreement, movement
• -er/or:人/工具(teacher, writer, actor, calculator)
• -ness:(形容词转名词)happiness, kindness, darkness
• -ity:(形容词转名词)reality, ability, possibility
• -logy:学科(biology, psychology, sociology)
2. 动词后缀
• -ize/-ise:(形容词/名词转动词)realize, organize, modernize
• -ate:(名词/形容词转动词)activate, create, operate
• -en:(形容词转动词)widen, deepen, sharpen
3. 形容词后缀
• -ful:充满…的(helpful, careful, beautiful)
• -less:无…的(hopeless, useless, homeless)
• -ous/-ious:有…性质的(dangerous, curious, cautious)
• -able/-ible:可…的(comfortable, possible, acceptable)
• -y:表特征(sunny, happy, messy)
• -ive:有…倾向的(active, creative, effective)
4. 副词后缀
• -ly:(形容词转副词)quickly, slowly, happily
• -ward(s):朝…方向(forward, backward, upward)





Very good